As our global population ages, it becomes increasingly crucial to comprehend the mechanisms behind healthy brain ageing to preserve cognitive abilities. The ageing brain undergoes various anatomical and functional changes, which can impact cognitive function.

Anatomical changes in the brain are observed at different levels, from individual cells to large-scale networks. These changes are linked to the age-related decline in cognitive abilities.

Certain factors can be modified to support healthy ageing and delay cognitive decline. These factors include lifestyle choices such as managing alcohol consumption, avoiding traumatic brain injury (TBI), reducing exposure to air pollution, maintaining educational engagement, managing hypertension, addressing hearing impairment, quitting smoking, managing weight, addressing depression, staying physically active, managing diabetes, and maintaining social connections.

Technological advancements have opened up new opportunities for personalized brain health tracking. This allows for regular monitoring of brain and cognitive health, leading to more timely interventions and better health outcomes.

Brain age may not always align with chronological age, and individual differences in cognitive reserve play a role in maintaining brain function. Understanding one's cognitive reserve helps in assessing their brain's preservation capabilities.

Cognitive trajectories can vary among individuals. Some may experience better or worse cognitive performance due to factors like cognitive reserve or age-related conditions like Alzheimer's Disease.

Taking an active approach to promote healthy brain ageing can extend cognitive healthspan. By focusing on cognitive engagement and brain health, we can enhance resilience to functional decline and support cognitive well-being as we age.

In conclusion, cognitive abilities and brain function naturally change with age, but this process can be influenced and modified. By addressing modifiable risk factors and adopting beneficial interventions, we can promote healthy brain ageing, reduce the risk of cognitive decline, and enjoy a longer cognitive healthspan throughout our lives.